the puppy we got 4 years ago taught us a lot and we went through a behaviorist and trainers and ended up loving agility, rally, freestyle, obedience and loads of other stuff. what i found from all these great experience people is that puppies need to be separated from other dogs sometimes. the older dog needs a break and safe time to not be constantly assaulted by what can be a very exuberant puppy. while things may be fine at first the puppy permit (where they get away with a lot because they are babies) will expire and if you aren't watching or intervening you could end up with two dogs that have problems with each other.
In a multi-dog house i always feed separate and high value treats like chewies separate. stealing or competition can foster fighting. as puppy matures he will start testing both you and the other dog. prevention is the best way to not end up with two dogs that fight. both dogs deserve separate training, play, and affection time and will love you for it. if you allow unlimited access there is a risk he pup will bond more to the other dog than to the humans.
the now 4yo dog used to pester the heck out of our older golden who had been raised with two older females but he'd never been pestered by a puppy. he got mad and overcorrected her so we set to solve it before it escalated. many dogs may do fine sharing bowls and food etc but why risk it.
i realized with my more recent puppy that when i put her in the crate with her kong and went to train with the 4yo that the 4yo just blossomed and started acting like a happy puppy again and could do all the stuff she loved without worrying the puppy would intervene. puppy can be a bit of a bulldozer and my 4yo is a little shy like your older dog. so give them individual time and strengthen your bond and allow for some stress relief every day.
i also never leave a puppy unsupervised with an older bigger dog because accidents can happen. most puppy broken bones are the result of accidents that were innocent. big dogs can hurt puppies unintentionally. you also want to watch for any signs that they don't get along and take action before it develops into anything more.
hope you guys all have a happy wonderful life together.